Prostate cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in men worldwide. A study by Lancet reported 1.4 million new cases of prostate cancer in 2020, accounting for 15 per cent of all cancer cases in men. Risks of prostate cancer increase with age. More than 75% of cases occur in men of age 65 and above. The National Cancer Registry Programme (NCRP) reported 41 532 new cases of prostate cancer in its annual report 2020.
The prostate gland in men is a part of the male reproductive system located below the bladder. With age, men face problems such as inflammation of the gland (prostatitis), prostate enlargement (BPH), and prostate gland cancer. The former two are not necessarily a sign of the development of cancer; however, men suffering from it can develop prostate cancer too.
Prostate cancer is caused by the abnormal growth of cells in the prostate gland. Most types of prostate cancer are caused due to the development of glandular cells (adenocarcinomas). While there are several different types of cells found in the Prostate, prostate cancers developing from other cells are rare.
Usually, slow-growing prostate cancer can show minimal symptoms until it reaches an advanced stage; however, common symptoms are frequent urge to urinate, painful urination, repeated urinary tract infections (UTI), and occasionally blood in the urine.
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