In the world of prehistoric archaeology, few discoveries have sparked as much intrigue as the revelations from Attirampakkam, a site near Chennai, India. For decades, the Levallois technique—the method by which prehistoric humans carved stones to create tools—has been synonymous with the rise of Homo sapiens. It was once considered the hallmark of human innovation, a technique that marked the transition from the Lower to the Middle Palaeolithic Age in Africa.
Yet, a controversial discovery in 2018, when a team of archaeologists unearthed Levallois tools dating back some 385,000 years, has cast doubt on this long-standing narrative. The tools, far from Africa’s cradle, were found in the Indian subcontinent—85,000 years before similar tools emerged in Africa. This discovery presents not only a geological mystery but also a profound challenge to our understanding of early human migration and cultural development.
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